Is It Gingivitis or Periodontitis? Knowing the Stages of Systemic Risk

January 24, 2026
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Posted By: Dr. Resmi Nair, DMD

It’s difficult to determine whether you have gingivitis or periodontitis without a dentist. In some cases, symptoms can mimic one another and overlap, and other symptoms don’t show up at all, which is why regular dental checkups are so vital.

The Threshold: When Inflammation Becomes Deep Infection

Gingivitis: This is early gum disease and is typically curable with dental care and prescribed treatments. At this stage, you have inflammation and some infection, but the infection is limited to the soft tissues and has not yet invaded the periodontal ligaments.

Periodontitis: At this advanced stage, infections have penetrated the jawbone and ligaments that support your teeth, and you’re at an increased risk for systemic complications.

Symptoms may include:

  • Loose Teeth
  • Recurring Bad Breath
  • Gum Recession
  • Gum Irritation
  • Bleeding Gums
  • Sinking Facial Structure

4 Stages of Gum Disease Explained

According to your Rutland dentist and the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) Staging Guide, you can stage gum disease in the following way:

  • Stage I (Initial): Slight bone loss and gums beginning to pull away from the tooth
  • Stage II (Moderate): Visible damage to the structural support of your smile
  • Stage III & IV (Severe/Advanced): High risk of tooth loss and "facial collapse" (sunken cheeks and jawline recession)

The Grading System: How Fast Is Gum Disease Progressing?

Your dentist grades progression from A to C by monitoring gum pocketing depth, bone loss, and other factors over time.

  • Grade A: Slowly Progressing Disease
  • Grade B: Moderately Progressing Disease
  • Grade C: Rapidly Progressing Disease

Systemic Risk: Beyond the Mouth

gum disease stages illustration in rutlandStudies and clinical evidence link gum disease to many physical health issues. Here are just a few:

  • Lung and Heart Health Issues
  • Pregnancy Complications
  • Alzheimer’s Disease
  • Specific Autoimmune Conditions
  • Systemic Inflammation

We have designed our gum disease treatment in Rutland to mitigate your general health risks and restore you to better oral health.

Schedule Your Periodontal Checkup Today

If you suspect gum disease or haven’t visited our dental office in a while, contact us today at (508) 886-6046. Remember to ask about our membership plan and pay-over-time options.